Which layers of the OSI reference model are relevant between DOCSIS modems and the cable modem termination system (CMTS)?

The correct answer encompasses the Physical, Data Link, Network, and Transport layers of the OSI model, which are crucial in the interaction between DOCSIS modems and the Cable Modem Termination System (CMTS).

At the Physical layer, the modulation and transmission of data over coaxial cable are defined, which is fundamental for DOCSIS technology. DOCSIS modems convert digital data from a computer into a modulated signal suitable for transmission over the cable and vice versa.

Moving up to the Data Link layer, the MAC (Media Access Control) layer is responsible for managing the data frames that are sent over this physical medium, ensuring proper framing, addressing, and error detection. This layer is essential for communication between the modem and the CMTS, as it facilitates managing access to the shared medium of cable.

The Network layer is also essential in this context, as it deals with routing data packets from source to destination across different networks. The interaction between DOCSIS modems and the CMTS involves the management of IP addresses and packets, marking its importance in the transfer of data across the cable network.

Finally, the Transport layer is pertinent for ensuring reliable communication between the devices, managing end-to-end message delivery, and providing flow control